November 11, 2009
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result(s)
The Role of Convenience and Risk in Consumers' Means of Payment
Staff Discussion Paper 2009-8
Carlos Arango,
Varya Taylor
Using data from a 2004 survey of the Canadian public, the authors study the role of convenience and risk in consumers' use of cash relative to debit and credit cards. The authors find that consumers who perceive debit cards and credit cards to be more convenient and less risky than cash use them more frequently.
Content Type(s):
Staff research,
Staff discussion papers
Topic(s):
Bank notes
JEL Code(s):
E,
E4,
E41,
L,
L2
November 11, 2008
Merchants' Costs of Accepting Means of Payment: Is Cash the Least Costly?
In a competitive sales environment, merchants are compelled to offer consumers the option of paying for goods and services using a variety of payment methods, including cash, debit card, or credit card. Each method entails different costs and benefits to merchants. To better understand the costs of accepting retail payments, the Bank of Canada surveyed over 500 Canadian merchants and found that most consider cash the least costly. This article investigated this perception by calculating the variable costs per transaction of accepting different means of payment. The findings are that costs for each payment method vary by merchant and transaction value, with debit cards the least costly payment for a broad cross-section of merchants.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes
Merchant Acceptance, Costs, and Perceptions of Retail Payments: A Canadian Survey
Staff Discussion Paper 2008-12
Carlos Arango,
Varya Taylor
Using the results of a survey on accepted means of payment, the authors examine merchant preferences and perceptions of retail payment reliability, risk, and costs; the share of each type of payment method over total sales; and the costs involved in accepting payments.
Content Type(s):
Staff research,
Staff discussion papers
Topic(s):
Bank notes
JEL Code(s):
E,
E4,
E41,
L,
L2
October 10, 2007
The Canadian Journey: An Odyssey into the Complex World of Bank Note Production
For many years, the Bank of Canada successfully responded to occasional eruptions in counterfeiting by improving the security features on bank notes. The surge in counterfeiting that occurred while the Bank prepared to launch the Canadian Journey series, however, reflected increasingly rapid advances in computer technology that were changing the counterfeiting environment. The article describes these and other challenges that affected the new series and describes how the Bank developed a comprehensive new approach to its currency program and incorporated the valuable lessons it learned from these challenges. Designed to combat counterfeiting and meet the needs of the public, the new strategy includes increased research and development on new bank note security features, an intensified focus on retailer and public education, and a focus on law enforcement.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes,
Central bank research
April 14, 2006
Trends in Retail Payments and Insights from Public Survey Results
While the volume and value of bank notes have continued to increase, the use of cash as a payment method has been affected by the growing use of electronic alternatives. Taylor reports on a 2004 Bank of Canada survey of consumers' payment habits and their perceptions of cash and its alternatives, including their confidence in the security of bank notes. Analysis of the survey results shows that numerous factors affect the demand for bank notes, including income, age, education, gender, the use of debit and credit cards, and the perceived convenience of cash. Taylor also includes a report on the construction of a bank note confidence index that will serve as a benchmark for future surveys.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes
Counterfeiting: A Canadian Perspective
Staff Working Paper 2004-33
John Chant
Counterfeiting is a significant public policy issue, because paper money, despite rumours of its demise, remains an important part of our payments system.
August 21, 2004
The Canadian Experience with Counterfeiting
Counterfeiting poses a significant public policy issue because of the important role that paper money plays in Canada's payments system. Yet the threat of counterfeiting in all economies has increased markedly in the past decade as a result of technological advances to photocopiers and computer printers. An appropriate public policy response is thus necessary to maintain the public's continued confidence in the national currency. To assess the threat from counterfeiting, including possible loss of confidence in the currency, estimating the stock of counterfeits circulating is necessary. In this article, Chant proposes a composite method of detecting counterfeits as an effective alternative to existing methods and offers estimates of the extent of counterfeiting Canadian currency for 2001. An Addendum to the article summarizes Chant's methods and updates the calculations to 2003.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes
August 13, 1997
The new bank note distribution system
In this article, the author outlines the recent changes made to the way Canada's bank notes are distributed. The new system allows financial institutions to exchange notes directly with one another at designated points across the country, rather than through Bank of Canada agencies, as was previously the case. The institutions communicate with the Bank of Canada through a computerized inventory-management system. Two Bank of Canada operations centres monitor note quality and supply new notes to the financial institutions. While the Bank continues to maintain firm control over the distribution of Canada's bank notes, the management of information rather than physical notes will improve efficiency and allow significant cost savings to the Bank of Canada and to the government.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes,
Financial institutions
November 7, 1994
The use of Canadian bank notes
This article delves into the microeconomics of note circulation, reviewing main factors affecting the demand for bank notes over the last 50 years, including new technology such as automated banking machines. It also discusses trends in the average value of notes in circulation and in the demand for notes of different denominations.
Content Type(s):
Publications,
Bank of Canada Review articles
Topic(s):
Bank notes