Anneke Kosse
Research Advisor
- Ph.D., Business and Economics. Tilburg University (2014)
- M.A., International Development: Agriculture and Economic Policy (2005) – Graduated Cum Laude
- B.A., International Business and Languages (2003)
Bio
Anneke Kosse is a Research Advisor in the Research team of the Banking and Payments Department (BAP) of the Bank of Canada. Her research work focuses on Payments Modernization and in particular on behavior, liquidity usage and risks in payment systems. Prior to this position, Anneke worked as a Principal Researcher at the Payment Systems Oversight team of the Financial Stability Department and as a Senior Policy Advisor and Researcher at the Market Infrastructures Policy department of the Nederlandsche Bank (Dutch Central Bank). Anneke received her Ph.D. in Business and Economics from Tilburg University. Her Ph.D. thesis focused on “Digitalization of Retail Payments”.
Staff analytical notes
Staff discussion papers
The Costs of Point-of-Sale Payments in Canada
Using data from our 2014 cost-of-payments survey, we calculate resource costs for cash, debit cards and credit cards. For each payment method, we examine the total cost incurred by consumers, retailers, financial institutions and infrastructures, the Royal Canadian Mint and the Bank of Canada.Staff working papers
Transmission of Cyber Risk Through the Canadian Wholesale Payment System
This paper studies how the impact of a cyber attack that paralyzes one or multiple banks' ability to send payments would transmit to other banks through the Canadian wholesale payment system. Based on historical payment data, we simulate a wide range of scenarios and evaluate the total payment disruption in the system.An Empirical Analysis of Bill Payment Choices
How do Canadians pay their bills? 2019 survey data collected from over 4,000 Canadian consumers show how people’s bill payment choices vary with consumer characteristics and types of bills. The data also reveal that many consumers feel limited in their choices, which suggests that preferences of billers might play an important role as well.Predicting Payment Migration in Canada
Developments are underway to replace Canada’s two core payment systems with three new systems. We use a discrete choice model to predict migration patterns of end-users and financial institutions for future systems and discuss their policy implications.The Interplay of Financial Education, Financial Literacy, Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability: Any Lessons for the Current Big Tech Era?
The objective of this paper is twofold. First, we assess whether financial education might be a suitable tool to promote the financial inclusion opportunities that big techs provide. Second, we study how this potential financial inclusion could impact financial stability.An Economic Perspective on Payments Migration
Consumers, businesses and banks make millions of payments each day using a variety of instruments, such as debit cards, cheques and wires. Canada is currently developing three new systems to process these transactions: Lynx, Settlement Optimization Engine (SOE) and Real-Time Rail (RTR).Consumer Cash Usage: A Cross-Country Comparison with Payment Diary Survey Data
We measure consumers’ use of cash by harmonizing payment diary surveys from seven countries. The seven diary surveys were conducted in 2009 (Canada), 2010 (Australia), 2011 (Austria, France, Germany and the Netherlands), and 2012 (the United States).Bank publications
Bank of Canada Review articles
November 16, 2017
Acceptance and Use of Payments at the Point of Sale in Canada
Merchants universally accept cash. Consumers widely hold cash but also carry debit and credit cards. The cost of using a method of payment has only a small influence on which method consumers use. Large merchants accept all payments, while only two-thirds of small and medium-sized businesses accept credit cards. Merchants report that credit cards are the costliest payment method compared with cash and debit cards. However, costs are not the only consideration. Merchant acceptance of credit accounts for the many con-sumers that want to use credit cards. This interaction between consumers and merchants is known as network externalities.Journal publications
Refereed journals
- Kosse, A., and P. Hielkema (2018), Innovative yet robust supervision in a rapidly changing payments landscape, Journal of Digital Banking, Vol. 3, 3, 232-241.
- Hernandez, L., N. Jonker and A. Kosse (2017), Cash versus debit card: the role of budget control, Journal of Consumer Affairs 51(1), 91-112.
- John Bagnall, David Bounie, Kim P. Huynh, Anneke Kosse, Tobias Schmidt, Scott Schuh and Helmut Stix (2016), Consumer cash usage: A cross-country comparison with payment diary survey data, International Journal of Central Banking 12(4), 1-61.
- Kosse, A. and R. Vermeulen (2014), Migrants' choice of remittance channel: Do general payment habits play a role? World Development 62, 213-227.
- Kosse, Anneke (2013), The safety of cash and debit cards: A study on the perception and behaviour of Dutch consumers, International Journal of Central Banking 9(4), 77-98.
- Kosse, Anneke (2013), Do newspaper articles on card fraud affect debit card usage? Journal of Banking and Finance 37(12), 5382-5391.
- Jonker, Nicole and Anneke Kosse (2013), Estimating cash usage: The impact of survey design on research outcomes, De Economist 161(1), 19-44.
- Kosse, Anneke and David-Jan Jansen (2013), Choosing how to pay: The influence of foreign backgrounds, Journal of Banking & Finance 37(3), 989-998.
Other
- Kosse, A. (2014), Consumer Payment Choices: Room for further digitisation? PhD Thesis, Tilburg University.
- Jonker, N, A. Kosse and L. Hernández (2012), Cash usage in the Netherlands: How much, where, when, who and whenever one wants? DNB Occasional Studies 10(2).
- Jonker, N. and A. Kosse (2008), Towards a European payments market: survey results on cross-border payment behaviour of Dutch consumers, DNB Occasional Studies 6(1).