May 13, 1998 Monetary Policy Report – May 1998 Canada’s inflation-control targets establish a specific medium-term objective for monetary policy. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
July 23, 2009 Monetary Policy Report – July 2009 The global economy has suffered an intense, synchronous recession and considerable excess supply has opened up. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
April 18, 2018 Monetary Policy Report – April 2018 The Bank’s new forecast calls for economic growth of 2.0 percent this year, 2.1 per cent in 2019 and 1.8 per cent in 2020. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
January 8, 2026 Frequently asked questions about retail payments supervision Find answers to common questions about retail payments supervision.
November 8, 2013 Quarterly Financial Report - Third Quarter 2013 Quarterly Financial Report - Third Quarter 2013 - For the period ended 30 September 2013 Content Type(s): Publications, Quarterly Financial Report
What Explains the Recent Increase in Canadian Corporate Bond Spreads Staff analytical note 2017-2 Maxime Leboeuf, James Pinnington The spread between the yield of a corporate bond and the yield of a similar Government of Canada bond reflects compensation for possible default by the issuing firm and compensation for additional risks beyond default. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): G, G1, G12 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, Market functioning, Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk
November 8, 1994 The demand for currency and the underground economy Bank of Canada Review - Autumn 1994 Thérèse Laflèche The underground economy in Canada has attracted increased attention over the past few years, yet there is no precise way to measure its size. Recent estimates vary between 4 per cent and 15 per cent of gross domestic product. This article provides an overview of measurement issues and recent estimates. It then focusses on the "monetary" approach to estimating the size of the underground economy. This approach is based on the assumption that the demand for bank notes provides a clue as to the size of the underground economy. The article concludes that estimates that use this approach must be viewed with considerable caution. They are based on a number of assumptions that are difficult to verify and that significantly affect the results. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
Small and smaller: How the economic outlook of small firms relates to size Staff analytical note 2021-14 Chris D'Souza, James Fudurich, Farrukh Suvankulov Firms with fewer than 100 workers employ about 65 percent of the total labour force in Canada. An online survey experiment was conducted with firms of this size in Canada in 2018–19. We compare the responses of small and micro firms to explore how their characteristics and economic outlooks relate to their size. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): C, C8, C83, D, D2, D22, E, E3, E32 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Real economy and forecasting, Structural challenges, Demographics and labour supply
October 16, 2017 Business Outlook Survey - Autumn 2017 Results from the autumn Business Outlook Survey point to continued positive business sentiment across the country, with business activity becoming entrenched. Firms’ prospects remain healthy, although several survey indicators have moderated from the strong summer results. Content Type(s): Publications, Business Outlook Survey
July 13, 2016 Monetary Policy Report – July 2016 Canadian economic growth is projected to accelerate from 1.3 per cent this year to 2.2 per cent in 2017. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report