January 15, 2024 Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations—Fourth Quarter of 2023 Consumers believe inflation has fallen, but their expectations for inflation in the near term are showing little progress in returning to pre-pandemic levels. Slow progress may be due to persistently high inflation expectations for services such as rent. In addition, consumers increasingly think domestic factors, such as high government spending, are supporting high inflation, and they believe these factors will take longer to resolve than global factors. Consumers have adjusted their behaviour in response to prolonged high inflation—more people are paying attention to inflation and changing their spending habits. However, actions that may support inflation, such as seeking wage increases to offset it, are dissipating. The negative effects of high interest rates are broadening, and indicators of household financial stress are deteriorating. Consumers remain uncertain about the economic outlook, and this uncertainty is weighing on their spending plans. Workers think the labour market has weakened slightly. However, expectations for wage growth remain high, supported by cost-of-living adjustments in some workers’ wage contracts. Content Type(s): Publications, Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations
Tech Reluctance: Fostering Empathy for Canadians Facing Challenges with Digital Systems Staff discussion paper 2025-2 Sebastian Hernandez, Helena Wang, Badr Omrane, Vera Roberts, David Pereyra We find that individuals who require help performing banking tasks or who are reluctant to adopt technology avoid digital payment systems they expect to lack usability. Addressing these issues through standard accessibility practices, live assistance and thoughtful interface design can enhance user interaction and trust. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): A, A1, A14, C, C9, C90, D, D8, D83, O, O3, O33, Y, Y8, Y80 Research Theme(s): Money and payments, Cash and bank notes, Digital assets and fintech, Retail payments, Structural challenges, Digitalization and productivity
June 27, 2008 Flexibility versus Credibility in Inflation-Targeting Frameworks Remarks Mark Carney 7th BIS Annual Conference Lucerne, Switzerland There are two broad classes of arguments for greater flexibility in the design and application of monetary policy frameworks. The BIS has done a great deal of useful work on asset-price targeting in particular and on the complicated interplay between monetary policy and financial stability in general. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
Archetypes for a retail CBDC Staff analytical note 2022-14 Sriram Darbha A variety of technology designs could support retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) systems. We develop five archetypes of CBDC systems, outline their characteristics and discuss their trade-offs. This work serves as a framework to analyze and compare different designs, independent of vendor, platform and implementation. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): E, E4, E42, E5, E51, O, O3 Research Theme(s): Money and payments, Digital assets and fintech, Payment and financial market infrastructures
September 22, 2014 Monetary Policy and the Underwhelming Recovery Remarks Carolyn A. Wilkins CFA Society Toronto Toronto, Ontario Senior Deputy Governor Carolyn Wilkins discusses the structural and cyclical factors underlying the underwhelming economic recovery and the implications for monetary policy. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
June 10, 2020 Our COVID-19 response: Keeping markets liquid Toni Gravelle When the COVID-19 pandemic hit Canada, the Bank of Canada acted quickly. We needed to make sure the financial system worked well enough that credit could continue to flow. That meant addressing shortages of liquidity in financial markets—the backbone for lending and borrowing in the economy. Content Type(s): Publications, The Economy, Plain and Simple Subject(s): Financial system, Financial markets, Financial stability, Monetary policy, Economy/Economic growth
October 21, 2007 Credit Market Turbulence and Policy Challenges Ahead Remarks David Dodge Institute of International Finance Washington, D.C. Given the Institute's membership and its focus on financial stability, I feel safe in saying that all of us here today watched this summer's turbulence in credit markets with interest, to put it mildly. What began in the spring as a repricing of credit risk turned into dislocations that have yet to fully run their course. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
May 6, 2005 The Canadian Economy: Adjusting to Global Economic Forces Remarks David Dodge Ottawa Chamber of Commerce Ottawa, Ontario The year 2005 marks the 150th anniversary of the establishment of Ottawa as a city. On 1 January 1855, the logging community of Bytown was formally incorporated as a city and adopted Ottawa as its new name. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
December 19, 2025 Currency We design, issue and distribute Canada’s bank notes. We work to ensure that Canadians have access to secure, reliable and high-quality bank notes.
December 8, 2015 Prudent Preparation: The Evolution of Unconventional Monetary Policies Remarks Stephen S. Poloz The Empire Club of Canada Toronto, Ontario Governor Poloz speaks about the Bank’s updated framework for unconventional monetary policies. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks