March 29, 2023 The Bank of Canada’s market liquidity programs: Lessons from a pandemic Remarks Toni Gravelle National Bank Financial Services Conference Montréal, Quebec Deputy Governor Toni Gravelle speaks about market liquidity measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic, and addresses recent turmoil in the US and international banking sectors. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks Topic(s): Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), Financial markets, Financial stability, Lender of last resort, Recent economic and financial developments