International Economic Sanctions and Third-Country Effects Staff working paper 2023-46 Fabio Ghironi, Daisoon Kim, Galip Kemal Ozhan We study the transmission and third-country effects of international sanctions. A sanctioned country’s losses are mitigated, and the sanctioning country’s losses amplified, if a third country does not join the sanctions, but the third country benefits from not joining. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): F, F3, F31, F4, F41, F42, F5, F51 Research Theme(s): Models and tools, Economic models, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness
April 16, 2025 Monetary Policy Report—April 2025—Assumptions for the outlook scenarios The United States has threatened, imposed and suspended tariffs on its trading partners, including Canada. Many tariffs remain in place, and it is unclear what will happen next. This section outlines two illustrative scenarios for how US trade policy could unfold.
June 12, 2014 Financial System Review - June 2014 The Reports section of the Financial System Review examines selected issues of relevance to the Canadian and global financial systems. The June 2014 issue features three reports on financial system initiatives: making financial benchmarks more robust; implementing the stronger Basel III capital and liquidity framework for banks; and using stress tests to assess financial system risks. Content Type(s): Publications, Financial Stability Report
August 28, 2017 Quarterly Financial Report - Second Quarter 2017 Quarterly Financial Report - Second Quarter 2017 - For the period ended 30 June 2017 Content Type(s): Publications, Quarterly Financial Report
May 29, 2015 Quarterly Financial Report - First Quarter 2015 Quarterly Financial Report - First Quarter 2015 - For the period ended 31 March 2015 Content Type(s): Publications, Quarterly Financial Report
May 11, 1998 The use of forward rate agreements in Canada Bank of Canada Review - Spring 1998 Jean-Yves Paquette, David Stréliski In this article, the authors identify forward rate agreements, or FRAs, as short-term interest rate guarantee instruments negotiated by two parties, one of which is typically a bank. In outlining the main features of FRAs, the authors contrast them with BAX contracts (futures contracts on bankers' acceptances that are negotiated through the Montreal Exchange). The article then describes how market participants use FRAs to cover short-term interest rate risk. The final section deals with the way the Bank of Canada uses information from the FRA market as an indicator of interest rate expectations. Econometric models used to retrieve information from FRA rates, as well as the underlying assumptions, are discussed in an appendix. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
May 30, 2005 Reflections on the International Economic and Monetary Order Remarks David Dodge la Conférence de Montréal Montréal, Quebec Up to now, world capital markets have been managing these imbalances in a reasonably smooth way. In the short term, it is reasonable to expect that they will continue to do so. But over the medium term, imbalances of this magnitude are not sustainable. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
May 14, 2020 Corporate Bond Purchase Program The Corporate Bond Purchase Program (CBPP) supports the liquidity and proper functioning of the corporate debt market, by purchasing bonds through a tender process in the secondary market.
May 16, 2019 Release of the Financial System Review Opening statement Stephen S. Poloz Ottawa, Ontario Press conference following the release of the Financial System Review. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Opening statements Subject(s): Financial system, Financial markets, Financial stability, Fintech, Monetary policy, Economy/Economic growth
Assessing Global Potential Output Growth: April 2018 Staff analytical note 2018-9 Richard Beard, Anne-Katherine Cormier, Michael Francis, Katerina Gribbin, Justin-Damien Guénette, Christopher Hajzler, James Ketcheson, Kun Mo, Louis Poirier, Peter Selcuk, Kristina Hess This note presents our estimates of potential output growth for the global economy through 2020. Overall, we expect global potential output growth to remain broadly stable over the projection horizon, averaging 3.3 per cent, although there is considerable uncertainty surrounding these estimates. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): E, E1, E10, E2, E20, O, O4 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Real economy and forecasting, Structural challenges, Demographics and labour supply, Digitalization and productivity