April 16, 2025 Monetary Policy Report—April 2025—Assumptions for the outlook scenarios The United States has threatened, imposed and suspended tariffs on its trading partners, including Canada. Many tariffs remain in place, and it is unclear what will happen next. This section outlines two illustrative scenarios for how US trade policy could unfold.
What typically happens before households fall behind on mortgage payments Sparks at Bank article Laura Zhao, Jia Qi Xiao Canadians usually pay their mortgages on time. But some fall behind on mortgage payments. Before they do, homeowners often increase their use of credit cards and lines of credit, and then fall behind on those payments. Content Type(s): Staff research, Sparks at Bank article Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk, Household and business credit
May 8, 2025 Financial Stability Report—2025 Tiff Macklem, Carolyn Rogers, Toni Gravelle, Sharon Kozicki, Rhys R. Mendes, Nicolas Vincent, Michelle Alexopoulos Canada’s financial system is resilient. Overall, households, businesses, banks and non-bank financial intermediaries successfully weathered the pandemic, a period of elevated inflation, and sharp increases in interest rates. But the trade war currently threatens the Canadian economy and poses risks to financial stability. Content Type(s): Publications, Financial Stability Report
Credit Crunches from Occasionally Binding Bank Borrowing Constraints Staff working paper 2017-57 Tom D. Holden, Paul Levine, Jonathan Swarbrick We present a model in which banks and other financial intermediaries face both occasionally binding borrowing constraints and costs of equity issuance. Near the steady state, these intermediaries can raise equity finance at no cost through retained earnings. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): E, E2, E22, E3, E32, E5, E51, G, G2 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial institutions and intermediation, Household and business credit, Models and tools, Economic models
High-Frequency Cross-Sectional Identification of Military News Shocks Staff working paper 2025-27 Francesco Amodeo, Edoardo Briganti We identify and quantify fiscal news shocks, compiling events (2001–2023) that altered the expected path of U.S. defense expenditure. For each event, we estimate market-implied shifts in expected spending. A shift-share analysis yields a two-year, metropolitan statistical area–level GDP multiplier of approximately 1 for U.S. military build-ups. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): E, E2, E20, E3, E30, E32, E6, E60, E62, E65 Research Theme(s): Models and tools, Econometric, statistical and computational methods, Economic models, Monetary policy, Monetary policy framework and transmission, Real economy and forecasting
June 30, 2022 Research Update - June 2022 This monthly newsletter features the latest research publications by Bank of Canada economists including external publications and working papers published on the Bank of Canada’s website. Content Type(s): Staff research, Research newsletters
July 24, 2024 Monetary Policy Report—July 2024—Canadian economy—Current conditions Inflation in Canada has been below 3% since January and broad inflationary pressures are easing. Economic growth has picked up, led by population gains.
Exports and the Exchange Rate: A General Equilibrium Perspective Staff working paper 2022-18 Patrick Alexander, Abeer Reza How do a country’s exports change when its currency depreciates? Does it matter which forces drive the exchange rate deprecation in the first place? We find that this relationship varies greatly depending on what drives exchange rate movements, and we conclude that the direct relationship between the exchange rate and exports is weak for Canada. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): F, F3, F31, F32, F33, F4, F41 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, International markets and currencies, Models and tools, Economic models, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness
June 30, 2023 Canada’s regional economies David Amirault, Matthieu Verstraete, Sarah Miller Strength from diversity Content Type(s): Publications, The Economy, Plain and Simple Subject(s): Financial system, Financial stability, Monetary policy, Economy/Economic growth