April 6, 2020 Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations—First Quarter of 2020 The Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations (CSCE) focuses on respondents’ views on inflation, the labour market and household finances. The survey for the first quarter of 2020 was conducted between January 29 and February 19, 2020. Results were therefore obtained before COVID‑19 became a major concern for Canadians and affected their outlook. This is the second quarterly publication of the results of the CSCE. Data collection began in the fourth quarter of 2014. Content Type(s): Publications, Canadian Survey of Consumer Expectations
The uneven economic consequences of COVID 19: A structural analysis Staff analytical note 2021-17 Martin Kuncl, Austin McWhirter, Alexander Ueberfeldt Using a structural model, we study the economic consequences of the COVID-19 shock. The uneven consequences, such as higher unemployment among young households, amplify the negative implications for the macroeconomy, household vulnerabilities and consumption inequality. Government support programs have stimulated the economy and lowered inequality and medium-term vulnerabilities. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical notes JEL Code(s): E, E2, E20, E5, E52, E6, E62 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Household and business credit, Monetary policy, Inflation dynamics and pressures, Monetary policy tools and implementation, Real economy and forecasting
March 3, 2022 Opening Statement before the House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance Opening statement (delivered virtually) Tiff Macklem House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance Ottawa, Ontario Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Opening statements Subject(s): Monetary policy, Economy/Economic growth, Inflation, Inflation targeting framework
December 13, 2021 Monetary Policy Framework Renewal (December 2021) Commentary and technical data relating to the 2021 renewal. Content Type(s): Background materials
August 19, 2010 Should Monetary Policy Be Used to Counteract Financial Imbalances? Bank of Canada Review - Summer 2010 Jean Boivin, Césaire Meh, Timothy Lane The authors examine whether monetary policy should and could do more to lean against financial imbalances (such as those associated with asset-price bubbles or unsustainable credit expansion) as they are building up, or whether its role should be limited to cleaning up the economic consequences as the imbalances unwind. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
August 24, 2010 Re-examining Canada’s Monetary Policy Framework: Recent Research and Outstanding Issues Remarks John Murray Canadian Association for Business Economics Kingston, Ontario I am honoured to address members of the Canadian Association for Business Economics. My remarks today will focus on critical issues that the Bank of Canada has studied over the past four years and how this research will inform our work as we move forward post crisis. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
August 18, 2011 The BoC-GEM-Fin: Banking in the Global Economy Bank of Canada Review - Summer 2011 Carlos De Resende, René Lalonde This article describes the Bank of Canada’s version of the Global Economy Model structured to incorporate an active banking system that features an interbank market and cross-border lending. After describing the new model, the authors use it to examine the responses of selected U.S. and Canadian macroeconomic variables to a “credit crunch” in the United States and also to study the impact of changes in the regulatory limits to bank leverage in Canada. They also discuss the relative merits of a monetary policy framework based on inflation targeting and one based on price-level targeting in the presence of shocks to the U.S. and Canadian banking sectors. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
Extraordinary Forward Guidance in Canada During the Pandemic Staff analytical paper 2026-1 Christopher S. Sutherland We consider two trade-offs inherent to extraordinary forward guidance (EFG): potency versus flexibility, and the credibility of forward guidance versus the credibility of inflation targeting. We argue that the form of EFG used by the Bank of Canada during the COVID‑19 pandemic balanced both trade-offs relatively well. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff analytical paper JEL Code(s): D, D3, D8, D83, D84, E, E3, E37, E5, E52, E58 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Monetary policy tools and implementation
October 29, 2025 Monetary Policy Report—October 2025—Canadian economy—Current conditions Canadian economic growth has slowed, reflecting the disruptive effects of US tariffs and a decline in population growth. Exports and business investment have slumped. After being close to 2% for several months, CPI inflation was 2.4% in September.
December 6, 1999 Bank of Canada Governor speaks to The Fraser Institute Media Relations Vancouver, British Columbia There is increasing international consensus that monetary policy can contribute to productivity growth and rising standards of living by establishing a stable, low-inflation environment, Bank of Canada Governor Gordon Thiessen told The Fraser Institute in a speech today. Content Type(s): Press, Press releases