November 15, 2012 Monetary Policy and the Risk-Taking Channel: Insights from the Lending Behaviour of Banks Bank of Canada Review - Autumn 2012 Teodora Paligorova, Jesus Sierra The financial crisis of 2007-09 and the subsequent extended period of historically low real interest rates have revived the question of whether economic agents are willing to take on more risk when interest rates remain low for a prolonged time period. This increased appetite for risk, which causes economic agents to search for investment assets and strategies that generate higher investment returns, has been called the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. Recent academic research on banks suggests that lending policies in times of low interest rates can be consistent with the existence of a risk-taking channel of monetary policy in Europe, South America, the United States and Canada. Specifically, studies find that the terms of loans to risky borrowers become less stringent in periods of low interest rates. This risk-taking channel may amplify the effects of traditional transmission mechanisms, resulting in the creation of excessive credit. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles JEL Code(s): E, E5, E58, G, G2, G21
September 1, 2026 Assets Eligible as Collateral under the Bank of Canada’s Standing Liquidity Facility The Bank of Canada (the Bank), through its Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF), provides access to liquidity to those institutions that participate directly in Lynx. Content Type(s): Collateral Policy Source(s): Standing Liquidity Facility
June 10, 2010 The G-20’s Core Agenda to Reduce Systemic Risk Remarks Mark Carney International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) Montréal, Quebec Given this failure, the G-20’s agenda to reshape the global financial system is comprehensive and radical. The coming weeks and months will be pivotal to its success. The time for debate and discussion is drawing to a close. Policymakers now need to decide and to implement. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
May 19, 2002 Private Capital Flows to Emerging-Market Economies Bank of Canada Review - Spring 2002 Jean-François Perrault This article explores the evolution of capital flows to emerging markets over the last 30 years with emphasis on the past decade. Capital markets in emerging-market economies have evolved substantially over the period, becoming increasingly deep and resilient. The author looks at how capital flows to these countries have changed in terms of magnitude, geographical distribution, the financial instruments used, and the country of origin. He also examines how changes in the investor base have affected these flows and reviews the factors underlying the growth of private capital flows in the 1990s. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review articles
Credit Conditions, Inflation, and Unemployment Staff working paper 2025-26 Chao Gu, Janet Hua Jiang, Liang Wang We identify two channels that affect the relationship between inflation and unemployment. First, inflation lowers wages because unemployed suffer more from inflation than employed, generating a positive relationship. Second, inflation increases firms’ financing costs, generating a negative relationship. Improvements in firm financing conditions can induce the relationship to switch signs. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): E, E2, E24, E3, E31, E4, E44, E5, E51 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Household and business credit, Models and tools, Economic models, Monetary policy, Inflation dynamics and pressures, Real economy and forecasting
September 14, 2010 Bundesbank Lecture 2010: The Economic Consequences of the Reforms Remarks Mark Carney Deutsche Bundesbank Berlin, Germany Keynes wrote prophetically of the economic consequences of the Treaty of Versailles. Could the same be said of current financial reforms? Are policy-makers taking for granted the essential role performed by finance in a vain pursuit of its risk-proofing? Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
April 9, 2020 Historical Assets Eligible as Collateral under the Bank of Canada’s Standing Liquidity Facility – April 9, 2020 to July 25, 2021 The Bank of Canada (the Bank), through its Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF), provides access to liquidity to those institutions that participate directly in the Large Value Transfer System (LVTS). Content Type(s): Collateral Policy Source(s): Standing Liquidity Facility
November 8, 2011 Global Liquidity Remarks Mark Carney Canada-United Kingdom Chamber of Commerce London, United Kingdom Governor Mark Carney discusses how global liquidity cycles affect financial stability and economic growth, and what policy can do about it. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
February 2, 2010 Historical Assets Eligible as Collateral under the Bank of Canada’s Standing Liquidity Facility – February 2, 2010 to July 18, 2010 The Bank of Canada, through its Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF), provides access to liquidity to those institutions that participate directly in the Large Value Transfer System (LVTS). Content Type(s): Collateral Policy Source(s): Standing Liquidity Facility
BoC–BoE Sovereign Default Database: Methodology and Assumptions Technical report No. 124 David Beers, Obiageri Ndukwe, Joe Berry The Bank of Canada (BoC), in partnership with the Bank of England (BoE), developed a comprehensive database of sovereign defaults in 2014. The database is posted on the Bank of Canada’s website and updated annually. The BoC–BoE database draws on datasets published by various public and private sector sources. It combines elements of these, together with new information, to develop comprehensive estimates of stocks of government obligations in default. Content Type(s): Staff research, Technical reports JEL Code(s): F, F3, F34, G, G1, G10, G14, G15 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, Funds management, International markets and currencies, Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk