The International Exposure of the Canadian Banking System Staff working paper 2025-1 Christian Friedrich, Hanno Friedrich, Nick Lawrence, Javier Cortes Orihuela, Phoebe Tian In 2023, the share of Canadian banks’ foreign assets and liabilities amounted to around 50%. While Canadian banks engage domestically mostly with households and non-financial corporations, their most common counterparties abroad are non-bank financial institutions. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): F, F2, F21, F23, F3, F31, F32, G, G2, G21, G23, G3 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial institutions and intermediation, Financial stability and systemic risk, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness
Market Size and Entry in International Trade: Product Versus Firm Fixed Costs Staff working paper 2018-43 Walter Steingress This paper develops a theoretical framework to infer the nature of fixed costs from the relationship between entry patterns in international markets and destination market size. If fixed costs are at the firm level, firms take advantage of an intrafirm spillover by expanding firm-level product range (scope). Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): F, F1, F12, F14, F2, F23 Research Theme(s): Models and tools, Economic models, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness
Does Outward Foreign Investment Matter for Canadian Productivity? Evidence from Greenfield Investments Staff working paper 2018-31 Naveen Rai, Lena Suchanek, Maria Bernier This paper seeks to understand how outward foreign direct investment (FDI) affects the productivity of Canadian firms. We estimate the impact of outward greenfield investment on measures of firm-level productivity using FDI data from roughly 2,000 Canadian firms and more than 4,000 outward FDI projects over the 2003–14 period. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): D, D2, D24, F, F2, F21, F23 Research Theme(s): Structural challenges, Digitalization and productivity, International trade, finance and competitiveness
Expropriation Risk and FDI in Developing Countries: Does Return of Capital Dominate Return on Capital? Staff working paper 2017-9 M. Akhtaruzzaman, Nathan Berg, Christopher Hajzler Previously reported effects of institutional quality and political risks on foreign direct investment (FDI) are mixed and, therefore, difficult to interpret. We present empirical evidence suggesting a relatively clear, statistically robust, and intuitive characterization. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): D, D2, D23, F, F2, F21, F23 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness
Government Corruption and Foreign Direct Investment Under the Threat of Expropriation Staff working paper 2016-13 Christopher Hajzler, Jonathan Rosborough Foreign investment is often constrained by two forms of political risk: expropriation and corruption. We examine the role of government corruption in foreign direct investment (FDI) when contracts are not fully transparent and investors face the threat of expropriation. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): F, F2, F21, F23, F3, F34 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Financial stability and systemic risk, Models and tools, Economic models, Structural challenges, International trade, finance and competitiveness