These fictional case scenarios provide examples of how to apply the geographic scope criteria under the Retail Payment Activities Act when a foreign payment service provider is involved.
These fictional case scenarios provide examples to help differentiate payment functions performed using a designated system under section 7 of the Retail Payment Activities Act (and exempted as a result) from other non-exempted payment functions related to the same transaction.
These fictional case scenarios illustrate the obligations of registered payment service providers (PSPs) to declare their agents and mandataries. They also describe the situations when agents of exempted PSPs must register with the Bank of Canada.
Central banks’ actions to stabilize financial markets and implement monetary policy during crises may come with costs and side effects. We provide a literature review of these costs and discuss measures that may mitigate the negative impacts of crisis actions.
Macroeconomic projections and risk analyses play an important role in guiding monetary policy decisions. Models are integral to this process. This paper discusses how the Bank of Canada brings research models and lessons learned from those models into the central bank projection environment.
We assess the complex macroeconomic implications of Canada’s recent population increases. We find that newcomers significantly boost the non-inflationary, potential growth of the economy, but existing imbalances in the housing sector may be exacerbated. Greater housing supply is needed to complement the long-term economic benefits of population growth.
Deputy Governor Toni Gravelle discusses the latest interest rate decision along with how immigration helps Canada’s economy and how it impacts inflation.