July 4, 2005 Business Outlook Survey - Summer 2005 Businesses remain optimistic about the economic outlook. Indeed, the results of this survey are broadly similar to those of the spring 2005 survey. Content Type(s): Publications, Business Outlook Survey
October 29, 2025 Monetary Policy Report—October 2025—Canadian economy—Current conditions Canadian economic growth has slowed, reflecting the disruptive effects of US tariffs and a decline in population growth. Exports and business investment have slumped. After being close to 2% for several months, CPI inflation was 2.4% in September.
The Determinants of Consumers’ Inflation Expectations: Evidence from the US and Canada Staff working paper 2020-52 Charles Bellemare, Rolande Kpekou Tossou, Kevin Moran We compare the determinants of consumer inflation expectations in the US and Canada by analyzing two current surveys. We find that Canadian consumers rely more on professional forecasts and the history of actual inflation when forming their expectations, while US consumers rely more on their own lagged expectations. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): C, C3, C33, D, D8, D83, D84, E, E3, E31 Research Theme(s): Monetary policy, Inflation dynamics and pressures, Monetary policy framework and transmission
April 9, 2009 Bank of Canada Review - Spring 2009 Examination of progress in the Bank’s exploration of two alternatives to the current inflation-targeting framework: (i) lowering the inflation target and (ii) shifting to a price-level target; a review of arguments for and against price-level targeting, focusing on its costs and benefits compared with inflation targeting; assessing the merits of price-level targeting vis-à-vis inflation targeting from a debt-revaluation perspective; quantifying redistribution of wealth in Canada in the face of unexpected inflation. Content Type(s): Publications, Bank of Canada Review
June 11, 2002 Trust, Transparency, and Financial Markets Remarks David Dodge Greater Halifax Partnership Halifax, Nova Scotia But first, I would like to address an important subject; that is, how to promote the efficient operation of Canada's financial markets. Rather than approaching this topic in a detailed, technical way, I want to speak about two qualities that are essential to their efficient operation: trust and transparency. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
May 1, 2001 Renewal of the Inflation-Control Target (May 2001) Commentary relating to the 2001 target renewal. Content Type(s): Background materials
October 8, 2009 Central Banking in Canada: Meeting Today's and Tomorrow's Challenges Remarks Paul Jenkins Vancouver Board of Trade Vancouver, British Columbia Indeed, the global financial crisis of the past two years has presented unique, stressful challenges that have forced us all to assess what has worked well and what needs to change. Today, I would like to review some of the critical thinking around these issues, primarily from the perspective of our work at the Bank of Canada. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
January 23, 2002 Monetary Policy Report Update – January 2002 In the November Monetary Policy Report, the timing and extent of the recovery in economic activity in Canada this year was seen as depending crucially on geopolitical developments and on how quickly consumer and business confidence would return to normal. Content Type(s): Publications, Monetary Policy Report
Survey of Indigenous Firms: A Snapshot of Wages, Prices and Financing in the Indigenous Business Sector in Canada Staff discussion paper 2024-4 Calista Cheung, James Fudurich, Janki Shah, Farrukh Suvankulov What sources of financing do Indigenous-owned businesses in Canada use, and what are their expectations about prices, wages and inflation? We find Indigenous-owned firms are significantly less reliant on financial institutions as sources of financing compared with non-Indigenous firms. We also find Indigenous-owned firms have higher inflation expectations and weaker wage-growth expectations. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff discussion papers JEL Code(s): C, C8, C83, D, D0, G, G3, G38, J, J1, J15 Research Theme(s): Financial system, Household and business credit, Monetary policy, Inflation dynamics and pressures, Structural challenges, Demographics and labour supply
September 7, 2023 Economic progress report: Target in sight, but we’re not there yet Remarks Tiff Macklem Calgary Chamber of Commerce Calgary, Alberta Bank of Canada Governor Tiff Macklem talks about the Bank’s latest interest rate announcement and what’s happening with inflation beyond the headline numbers. He also discusses why the Bank’s 2% inflation target is the right one. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks Subject(s): Financial system, Financial stability, Monetary policy, Economy/Economic growth, Inflation, Inflation targeting framework