Parallel Tempering for DSGE Estimation Staff working paper 2024-13 Joshua Brault I develop a population-based Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm known as parallel tempering to estimate dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models. Parallel tempering approximates the posterior distribution of interest using a family of Markov chains with tempered posteriors. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): C, C1, C11, C15, E, E1, E10 Research Theme(s): Models and tools, Econometric, statistical and computational methods, Economic models
Distributional Effects of Payment Card Pricing and Merchant Cost Pass-through in Canada and the United States Staff working paper 2021-8 Marie-Hélène Felt, Fumiko Hayashi, Joanna Stavins, Angelika Welte Although credit cards are more expensive for merchants to accept than cash or debit cards, merchants typically pass through their costs evenly to all customers. Along with consumer card rewards and banking fees, this creates cross-subsidies between payment methods. Because higher-income individuals tend to use credit cards more than those with lower incomes, our results indicate that these cross-subsidies might lead to regressive distributional effects. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): D, D1, D12, D2, D23, D3, D31, E, E4, E42, G, G2, G21, L, L8, L81 Research Theme(s): Financial markets and funds management, Market structure, Money and payments, Retail payments
October 19, 2020 Backgrounder on the Business Outlook Survey question on wage growth Starting with the 2020 autumn survey, the results from a question on labour cost growth are being included in the Business Outlook Survey. This document describes the question and presents the correlations between the responses and various measures of wages and employment. Content Type(s): Background materials
January 10, 2011 Household Finances and Economic Growth Remarks Agathe Côté Canadian Club of Kingston Kingston, Ontario Why does household financial health matter to the Bank of Canada? It matters because how Canadians spend and how much they spend affect both the conduct of monetary policy and the stability of the financial system. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
Central Bank Digital Currency and Transmission of Monetary Policy Staff working paper 2024-27 Saroj Bhattarai, Mohammad Davoodalhosseini, Zhenning Zhao Using a general equilibrium model with nominal rigidities and financial frictions, we explore whether introducing a central bank digital currency (CBDC) affects the transmission of monetary policy, and how the effects depend on CBDC design features. We also study whether paying interest on central bank liabilities is contractionary or expansionary. Content Type(s): Staff research, Staff working papers JEL Code(s): E, E3, E31, E4, E5, E58, G, G2, G21, G5, G51 Research Theme(s): Models and tools, Economic models, Monetary policy, Monetary policy framework and transmission, Money and payments, Digital assets and fintech
July 30, 2025 Monetary Policy Report—July 2025—Canadian economy—Current conditions Canadian economic activity has slowed considerably because of the trade conflict but is showing signs of resilience. While inflation is close to 2%, underlying inflation has risen to about 2½%.
May 13, 2003 Policies to Sustain Growth Domestically and Internationally Remarks David Dodge Foreign Bankers' Association in the Netherlands Amsterdam, The Netherlands I have been looking forward to coming to Amsterdam since Governor Wellink extended the invitation last year. I must say that when you consider what has been happening in the world economy, it is certainly an interesting time to be a Canadian at international meetings such as the BIS meeting I attended yesterday. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Remarks
November 14, 2022 Conference on Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Economics, Finance and Central Banking Conference held on November 14 and 15, 2022. Content Type(s): Conferences and workshops
October 29, 2025 Monetary Policy Report Press Conference Opening Statement Opening statement Tiff Macklem Ottawa, Ontario Governor Tiff Macklem discusses the Monetary Policy Report and the key issues involved in the Governing Council’s deliberations about the monetary policy decision. Content Type(s): Press, Speeches and appearances, Opening statements
November 8, 2011 Global Liquidity Is Having a Major Impact on Financial Stability and Economic Growth, Says Bank of Canada Governor Mark Carney Media Relations London, United Kingdom Large, abrupt fluctuations in global liquidity are having a major impact on global financial stability and economic growth, Bank of Canada Governor Mark Carney said today in a speech to the Canada-United Kingdom Chamber of Commerce. “Over the medium term, the continuation of such extreme liquidity cycles could ultimately threaten open capital markets and a […] Content Type(s): Press, Press releases