"TERMS AND CONDITIONS" "https://www.bankofcanada.ca/terms/" "NAME" "Expected income and spending growth by numeracy level" "DESCRIPTION" "Expected income and spending growth by numeracy level" "LINK" "https://www.bankofcanada.ca/?p=217931" "SERIES" "id","label","description" "CES_C5D_INCOME_L","Expected income growth, next 12 months, low numeracy","Expected income growth, next 12 months, low numeracy" "CES_C5D_SPENDING_L","Expected spending growth, next 12 months, low numeracy","Expected spending growth, next 12 months, low numeracy" "CES_C5D_INCOME_H","Expected income growth, next 12 months, high numeracy","Expected income growth, next 12 months, high numeracy" "CES_C5D_SPENDING_H","Expected spending growth, next 12 months, high numeracy","Expected spending growth, next 12 months, high numeracy" "OBSERVATIONS" "date","CES_C5D_INCOME_L","CES_C5D_SPENDING_L","CES_C5D_INCOME_H","CES_C5D_SPENDING_H" "2014Q4","2.26","3.15","2.43","3.16" "2015Q1","2.39","2.31","2.62","3.40" "2015Q2","2.05","2.74","2.15","3.07" "2015Q3","2.12","2.86","2.07","3.02" "2015Q4","2.07","2.65","2.12","2.67" "2016Q1","2.11","3.18","2.00","2.50" "2016Q2","2.25","2.49","2.12","3.53" "2016Q3","4.04","4.64","2.23","3.22" "2016Q4","3.00","4.32","2.17","2.68" "2017Q1","2.86","4.33","2.09","3.23" "2017Q2","2.91","3.53","2.34","2.73" "2017Q3","2.80","4.07","2.52","2.85" "2017Q4","2.83","2.33","2.74","2.20" "2018Q1","3.63","4.13","3.04","4.29" "2018Q2","2.87","4.05","2.68","3.26" "2018Q3","2.69","3.28","2.32","2.93" "2018Q4","2.06","3.06","2.13","3.07" "2019Q1","3.44","3.27","2.20","2.89" "2019Q2","2.34","3.87","2.12","3.02" "2019Q3","2.74","3.27","2.12","3.12" "2019Q4","2.48","4.07","2.03","2.80" "2020Q1","2.50","4.36","2.25","2.98" "2020Q2","1.90","2.63","1.85","2.20" "2020Q3","2.00","3.09","1.96","2.36" "2020Q4","2.34","3.25","1.91","2.38" "2021Q1","1.98","4.23","2.15","4.51" "2021Q2","2.08","3.79","2.16","4.19" "2021Q3","2.13","3.80","2.02","3.57" "2021Q4","2.39","4.73","2.12","4.60" "2022Q1","3.15","4.89","2.05","4.78" "2022Q2","2.25","4.89","2.15","4.74" "2022Q3","2.63","4.74","3.43","5.27" "2022Q4","2.36","4.93","2.91","4.79" "2023Q1","2.98","5.06","3.60","5.04" "2023Q2","2.82","4.82","2.93","4.76" "2023Q3","2.87","4.56","2.85","4.51" "2023Q4","2.78","4.30","3.03","4.50"