<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<data>
<terms url="https://www.bankofcanada.ca/terms/"></terms>
<groupDetail>
    <label>Chart 9: Firms expect wage growth to continue to slow</label>
    <description><![CDATA[Over the next 12 months, are increases in labour costs expected to be higher, lower or about the same as over the past 12 months?

*Percentage of firms expecting higher labour cost increases minus the percentage expecting lower labour cost increases

Source: Business Outlook Survey]]></description>
    <link>https://www.bankofcanada.ca/?p=252742</link>
</groupDetail>
<seriesDetail>
<series id="COSTS">
<label>Balance of opinion *</label>
<description>Wage Growth - Over the next 12 months, are increases in labour costs expected to be higher, lower or about the same rate as over the past 12 months?</description>
<dimension key="d" name="Date"/>
</series>
</seriesDetail>
<observations>
<o d="1999-01-01"><v s="COSTS">13</v></o>
<o d="1999-04-01"><v s="COSTS">26</v></o>
<o d="1999-07-01"><v s="COSTS">25</v></o>
<o d="1999-10-01"><v s="COSTS">26</v></o>
<o d="2000-01-01"><v s="COSTS">35</v></o>
<o d="2000-04-01"><v s="COSTS">50</v></o>
<o d="2000-07-01"><v s="COSTS">37</v></o>
<o d="2000-10-01"><v s="COSTS">45</v></o>
<o d="2001-01-01"><v s="COSTS">32</v></o>
<o d="2001-04-01"><v s="COSTS">15</v></o>
<o d="2001-07-01"><v s="COSTS">11</v></o>
<o d="2001-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-21</v></o>
<o d="2002-01-01"><v s="COSTS">9</v></o>
<o d="2002-04-01"><v s="COSTS">16</v></o>
<o d="2002-07-01"><v s="COSTS">19</v></o>
<o d="2002-10-01"><v s="COSTS">9</v></o>
<o d="2003-01-01"><v s="COSTS">23</v></o>
<o d="2003-04-01"><v s="COSTS">2</v></o>
<o d="2003-07-01"><v s="COSTS">6</v></o>
<o d="2003-10-01"><v s="COSTS">9</v></o>
<o d="2004-01-01"><v s="COSTS">24</v></o>
<o d="2004-04-01"><v s="COSTS">29</v></o>
<o d="2004-07-01"><v s="COSTS">19</v></o>
<o d="2004-10-01"><v s="COSTS">18</v></o>
<o d="2005-01-01"><v s="COSTS">14</v></o>
<o d="2005-04-01"><v s="COSTS">11</v></o>
<o d="2005-07-01"><v s="COSTS">31</v></o>
<o d="2005-10-01"><v s="COSTS">34</v></o>
<o d="2006-01-01"><v s="COSTS">28</v></o>
<o d="2006-04-01"><v s="COSTS">27</v></o>
<o d="2006-07-01"><v s="COSTS">35</v></o>
<o d="2006-10-01"><v s="COSTS">25</v></o>
<o d="2007-01-01"><v s="COSTS">14</v></o>
<o d="2007-04-01"><v s="COSTS">4</v></o>
<o d="2007-07-01"><v s="COSTS">6</v></o>
<o d="2007-10-01"><v s="COSTS">6</v></o>
<o d="2008-01-01"><v s="COSTS">4</v></o>
<o d="2008-04-01"><v s="COSTS">13</v></o>
<o d="2008-07-01"><v s="COSTS">4</v></o>
<o d="2008-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-47</v></o>
<o d="2009-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-52</v></o>
<o d="2009-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-41</v></o>
<o d="2009-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-7</v></o>
<o d="2009-10-01"><v s="COSTS">6</v></o>
<o d="2010-01-01"><v s="COSTS">3</v></o>
<o d="2010-04-01"><v s="COSTS">22</v></o>
<o d="2010-07-01"><v s="COSTS">15</v></o>
<o d="2010-10-01"><v s="COSTS">16</v></o>
<o d="2011-01-01"><v s="COSTS">26</v></o>
<o d="2011-04-01"><v s="COSTS">29</v></o>
<o d="2011-07-01"><v s="COSTS">7</v></o>
<o d="2011-10-01"><v s="COSTS">20</v></o>
<o d="2012-01-01"><v s="COSTS">14</v></o>
<o d="2012-04-01"><v s="COSTS">19</v></o>
<o d="2012-07-01"><v s="COSTS">7</v></o>
<o d="2012-10-01"><v s="COSTS">3</v></o>
<o d="2013-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-1</v></o>
<o d="2013-04-01"><v s="COSTS">4</v></o>
<o d="2013-07-01"><v s="COSTS">12</v></o>
<o d="2013-10-01"><v s="COSTS">17</v></o>
<o d="2014-01-01"><v s="COSTS">9</v></o>
<o d="2014-04-01"><v s="COSTS">11</v></o>
<o d="2014-07-01"><v s="COSTS">11</v></o>
<o d="2014-10-01"><v s="COSTS">2</v></o>
<o d="2015-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-6</v></o>
<o d="2015-04-01"><v s="COSTS">1</v></o>
<o d="2015-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-3</v></o>
<o d="2015-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-4</v></o>
<o d="2016-01-01"><v s="COSTS">17</v></o>
<o d="2016-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-5</v></o>
<o d="2016-07-01"><v s="COSTS">14</v></o>
<o d="2016-10-01"><v s="COSTS">21</v></o>
<o d="2017-01-01"><v s="COSTS">13</v></o>
<o d="2017-04-01"><v s="COSTS">22</v></o>
<o d="2017-07-01"><v s="COSTS">20</v></o>
<o d="2017-10-01"><v s="COSTS">25</v></o>
<o d="2018-01-01"><v s="COSTS">25</v></o>
<o d="2018-04-01"><v s="COSTS">18</v></o>
<o d="2018-07-01"><v s="COSTS">18</v></o>
<o d="2018-10-01"><v s="COSTS">23</v></o>
<o d="2019-01-01"><v s="COSTS">15</v></o>
<o d="2019-04-01"><v s="COSTS">7</v></o>
<o d="2019-07-01"><v s="COSTS">13</v></o>
<o d="2019-10-01"><v s="COSTS">11</v></o>
<o d="2020-01-01"><v s="COSTS">10</v></o>
<o d="2020-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-35</v></o>
<o d="2020-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-21</v></o>
<o d="2020-10-01"><v s="COSTS">0</v></o>
<o d="2021-01-01"><v s="COSTS">20</v></o>
<o d="2021-04-01"><v s="COSTS">43</v></o>
<o d="2021-07-01"><v s="COSTS">50</v></o>
<o d="2021-10-01"><v s="COSTS">72</v></o>
<o d="2022-01-01"><v s="COSTS">68</v></o>
<o d="2022-04-01"><v s="COSTS">61</v></o>
<o d="2022-07-01"><v s="COSTS">38</v></o>
<o d="2022-10-01"><v s="COSTS">31</v></o>
<o d="2023-01-01"><v s="COSTS">22</v></o>
<o d="2023-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-19</v></o>
<o d="2023-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-50</v></o>
<o d="2023-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-22</v></o>
<o d="2024-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-18</v></o>
<o d="2024-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-46</v></o>
<o d="2024-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-36</v></o>
<o d="2024-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-42</v></o>
<o d="2025-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-33</v></o>
<o d="2025-04-01"><v s="COSTS">-34</v></o>
<o d="2025-07-01"><v s="COSTS">-21</v></o>
<o d="2025-10-01"><v s="COSTS">-10</v></o>
<o d="2026-01-01"><v s="COSTS">-15</v></o>
</observations>
</data>