L4 - Antitrust Issues and Policies - Bank of Canada
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Bank of Canada RSS Feedsen2024-03-28T13:04:59+00:00Competition for Exclusivity and Customer Lock-in: Evidence from Copyright Enforcement in China
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/08/staff-working-paper-2023-43/
This paper studies the music streaming industry and argues that having exclusive rights granted by copyright law drives firms to offer exclusive content to lock in customers. I employ theoretical and descriptive empirical analysis, along with a dynamic structural model, to support the argument and explore policies for improving competition.2023-08-16T11:11:34+00:00enCompetition for Exclusivity and Customer Lock-in: Evidence from Copyright Enforcement in China2023-08-16Econometric and statistical methodsFirm dynamicsMarket structure and pricingStaff Working Paper 2023-43https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/swp2023-43.pdfStaff Working Paper 2023-43Youming LiuAugust 2023LL1L13L4L42L5L51Vertical Bargaining and Obfuscation
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2022/03/staff-working-paper-2022-13/
Is obscuring prices always bad for consumers? The answer depends on the market structure and on the negotiating power between manufacturers and retailers.2022-03-21T07:40:05+00:00enVertical Bargaining and Obfuscation2022-03-21Economic modelsMarket structure and pricingStaff Working Paper 2022-13https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/swp2022-13.pdfVertical Bargaining and ObfuscationEdona ReshidiMarch 2022CC7C70LL1L13L4L42The Positive Case for a CBDC
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2021/07/staff-discussion-paper-2021-11/
We discuss the competition and innovation arguments for issuing a central bank digital currency (CBDC). A CBDC could be an effective competition policy tool for payments. A CBDC could also support the vibrancy of the digital economy. It could help solve market failures and foster competition and innovation in new digital payments markets.2021-07-20T09:59:49+00:00enThe Positive Case for a CBDC2021-07-20Digital currencies and fintechFinancial institutionsFinancial stabilityStaff Discussion Paper 2021-11https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/sdp2021-11.pdfStaff Discussion Paper 2021-11Andrew UsherEdona ReshidiFrancisco RivadeneyraScott HendryJuly 2021EE4E42E5E58LL4L5Identifying Consumer-Welfare Changes when Online Search Platforms Change Their List of Search Results
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2020/03/staff-working-paper-2020-5/
Online shopping is often guided by search platforms. Consumers type keywords into query boxes, and search platforms deliver a list of products. Consumers' attention is limited, and exhaustive searches are often impractical.2020-03-06T10:32:58+00:00enIdentifying Consumer-Welfare Changes when Online Search Platforms Change Their List of Search Results2020-03-06Econometric and statistical methodsMarket structure and pricingStaff Working Paper 2020-5https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/swp2020-5.pdfStaff Working Paper 2020-5Ryan MartinMarch 2020CC1C14DD1D11D12D6D8D83LL4L40Identifying the Degree of Collusion Under Proportional Reduction
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2017/11/staff-working-paper-2017-51/
Proportional reduction is a common cartel practice in which cartel members reduce their output proportionately. We develop a method to quantify this reduction relative to a benchmark market equilibrium scenario and relate the reduction to the traditional conduct parameter.2017-11-23T11:55:01+00:00enIdentifying the Degree of Collusion Under Proportional Reduction2017-11-23Econometric and statistical methodsMarket structure and pricingStaff Working Paper 2017-51https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/swp2017-51.pdfIdentifying the Degree of Collusion Under Proportional ReductionOleksandr ShcherbakovNaoki WakamoriNovember 2017CC3C36DD2D22LL4L41Natural Monopoly and Distorted Competition: Evidence from Unbundling Fiber-Optic Networks
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2012/08/working-paper-2012-26/
Can regulation solve problems arising from a natural monopoly? This paper analyzes whether “unbundling,” referring to regulations that enforce sharing of natural monopolistic infrastructure, prevents entrants from building new infrastructure.2012-08-27T10:59:20+00:00enNatural Monopoly and Distorted Competition: Evidence from Unbundling Fiber-Optic Networks2012-08-27Market structure and pricingProductivityWorking Paper 2012-26https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/wp2012-26.pdfNatural Monopoly and Distorted Competition: Evidence from Unbundling Fiber-Optic NetworksNaoaki MinamihashiAugust 2012KK2K23LL4L43L9L96Building New Plants or Entering by Acquisition? Estimation of an Entry Model for the U.S. Cement Industry
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2011/01/working-paper-2011-1/
In many industries, firms usually have two choices when expanding into new markets: They can either build a new plant (greenfield entry) or they can acquire an existing incumbent. In the U.S. cement industry, the comparative advantage (e.g., TFP or size) of entrants versus incumbents and regulatory entry barriers are important factors that determine the means of expansion.2011-01-24T13:20:14+00:00enBuilding New Plants or Entering by Acquisition? Estimation of an Entry Model for the U.S. Cement Industry2011-01-24Econometric and statistical methodsMarket structure and pricingProductivityWorking Paper 2011-1https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/wp11-1.pdfBuilding New Plants or Entering by Acquisition? Estimation of an Entry Model for the U.S. Cement IndustryHéctor Pérez SaizJanuary 2011LL1L13L4L40L6L61Cross-border Mergers and Hollowing-out
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2009/10/working-paper-2009-30/
The purpose of our paper is to examine the profitability and social desirability of both domestic and foreign mergers in a location-quantity competition model, where we allow for the possibility of hollowing-out of the target firm. We refer to hollowing-out as the situation where the target firm is shut down following a merger with a domestic or foreign acquirer.2009-10-15T14:31:17+00:00enCross-border Mergers and Hollowing-out2009-10-15Economic modelsInternational topicsMarket structure and pricingWorking Paper 2009-30 https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/wp09-30.pdfCross-border Mergers and Hollowing-outOana SecrieruMarianne VigneaultOctober 2009DD4D43GG3G34LL1L13L4L41The Economic Theory of Retail Pricing: A Survey
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2004/03/working-paper-2004-8/
The types of contracts that arise in a typical vertical manufacturer–retailer relationship are more sophisticated than usually assumed in standard macroeconomic models.2004-03-01T11:39:28+00:00enThe Economic Theory of Retail Pricing: A Survey2004-03-01Market structure and pricingWorking Paper 2004-8 https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/wp04-8.pdfThe Economic Theory of Retail Pricing: A SurveyOana SecrieruMarch 2004DD4D40LL2L22L4L42