Staff discussion papers - Bank of Canada
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Bank of Canada RSS Feedsen2024-03-28T18:31:58+00:00COVID-19 Hasn’t Killed Merchant Acceptance of Cash: Results from the 2023 Merchant Acceptance Survey
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2024/03/staff-discussion-paper-2024-2/
The Bank of Canada’s Merchant Acceptance Survey finds that 96% of small and medium-sized businesses in Canada accepted cash in 2023. Acceptance of debit and credit cards has increased to 89%, and acceptance of digital payments has also increased. However, Canada is far from being a cashless society.2024-03-25T12:20:03+00:00enCOVID-19 Hasn’t Killed Merchant Acceptance of Cash: Results from the 2023 Merchant Acceptance Survey2024-03-25Bank notesDigital currencies and fintechEconometric and statistical methodsStaff Discussion Paper 2024-2https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/sdp2024-2.pdfCOVID-19 Hasn’t Killed Merchant Acceptance of Cash: Results from the 2023 Merchant Acceptance SurveyAngelika WelteKatrina TalaveraLiang WangJoy WuMarch 2024CC8DD2D22EE4LL22022 Methods-of-Payment Survey Report: Cash Use Over 13 Years
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2024/01/staff-discussion-paper-2024-1/
We present results from the 2022 Methods-of-Payment Survey, including updated payment shares based on a three-day shopping diary. We also assess various factors associated with long-term trends in cash use.2024-01-30T11:08:59+00:00en2022 Methods-of-Payment Survey Report: Cash Use Over 13 Years2024-01-30Bank notesCoronavirus disease (COVID-19)Digital currencies and fintechFinancial servicesStaff Discussion Paper 2024-01https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/sdp2024-1.pdf2022 Methods-of-Payment Survey Report: Cash Use Over 13 YearsChristopher HenryDoina RusuMatthew ShimodaJanuary 2024DD8D83EE4E41Procyclicality in Central Counterparty Margin Models: A Conceptual Tool Kit and the Key Parameters
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-34/
Regulators need to provide effective procyclicality guidance, and central counterparties must design and calibrate their margin systems and procyclicality frameworks appropriately. To serve these needs, we provide a novel conceptual tool kit. Further, we highlight that the focus should be on the key margin system parameters in determining procyclicality.2023-12-29T11:12:20+00:00enProcyclicality in Central Counterparty Margin Models: A Conceptual Tool Kit and the Key Parameters2023-12-29Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)Credit risk managementFinancial institutionsFinancial marketsFinancial stabilityFinancial system regulation and policiesStaff Discussion Paper 2023-34https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-34.pdfProcyclicality in Central Counterparty Margin Models: A Conceptual Tool Kit and the Key ParametersAlper OdabasiogluDecember 2023GG0G01G2G23G28Climate-Related Flood Risk to Residential Lending Portfolios in Canada
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-33/
We assess the potential financial risks of current and projected flooding caused by extreme weather events in Canada. We focus on the residential real estate secured lending (RESL) portfolios of Canadian financial institutions (FIs) because RESL portfolios are an important component of FIs’ balance sheets and because the assets used to secure such loans are immobile and susceptible to climate-related extreme weather events.2023-12-20T15:56:24+00:00enClimate-Related Flood Risk to Residential Lending Portfolios in Canada2023-12-20Central bank researchClimate changeCredit risk managementEconometric and statistical methodsFinancial institutionsFinancial stabilityStaff Discussion Paper 2023-33https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-33.pdfClimate-Related Flood Risk to Residential Lending Portfolios in CanadaCraig JohnstonGeneviève ValléeHossein HosseiniBrett LindsayMiguel MolicoMarie-Christine TremblayAidan WittsDecember 2023CC8C81GG2G21QQ5Q54Understanding the Systemic Implications of Climate Transition Risk: Applying a Framework Using Canadian Financial System Data
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-32/
Our study aims to gain insight on financial stability and climate transition risk. We develop a methodological framework that captures the direct effects of a stressful climate transition shock as well as the indirect—or systemic—implications of these direct effects. We apply this framework using data from the Canadian financial system.2023-12-20T14:44:11+00:00enUnderstanding the Systemic Implications of Climate Transition Risk: Applying a Framework Using Canadian Financial System Data2023-12-20Climate changeEconomic modelsFinancial institutionsFinancial marketsFinancial stabilityStaff Discussion Paper 2023-32https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-32.pdfUnderstanding the Systemic Implications of Climate Transition Risk: Applying a Framework Using Canadian Financial System DataGabriel BruneauJavier Ojea FerreiroAndrew PlummerMarie-Christine TremblayAidan WittsDecember 2023CC6C63GG0G01G1G10G2G20QQ5Q54Supporting the Transition to Net-Zero Emissions: The Evolving Role of Central Banks
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-31/
While climate change was largely tackled by government policies in the past, central banks are increasingly grappling with the risks climate change poses. They are evaluating their operational policies to reflect these risks and the transition to a net-zero economy. This paper explores the trade-offs and considerations central banks face.2023-12-18T14:46:24+00:00enSupporting the Transition to Net-Zero Emissions: The Evolving Role of Central Banks2023-12-18Central bank researchClimate changeFinancial marketsStaff Discussion Paper 2023-31https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-31.pdfSupporting the Transition to Net-Zero Emissions: The Evolving Role of Central BanksKaren McGuinnessDecember 2023DD5D53EE5E58E6E63GG3G32QQ5Q54Central Bank Crisis Interventions: A Review of the Recent Literature on Potential Costs
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-30/
Central banks’ actions to stabilize financial markets and implement monetary policy during crises may come with costs and side effects. We provide a literature review of these costs and discuss measures that may mitigate the negative impacts of crisis actions.2023-12-11T13:33:31+00:00enCentral Bank Crisis Interventions: A Review of the Recent Literature on Potential Costs2023-12-11Central bank researchFinancial institutionsFinancial marketsFinancial stabilityLender of last resortStaff Discussion Paper 2023-30https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-30.pdfCentral Bank Crisis Interventions: A Review of the Recent Literature on Potential CostsPatrick AldridgeDavid CimonRishi ValaDecember 2023EE5E58GG1G10G2G20Making It Real: Bringing Research Models into Central Bank Projections
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/12/staff-discussion-paper-2023-29/
Macroeconomic projections and risk analyses play an important role in guiding monetary policy decisions. Models are integral to this process. This paper discusses how the Bank of Canada brings research models and lessons learned from those models into the central bank projection environment.2023-12-11T11:19:01+00:00enMaking It Real: Bringing Research Models into Central Bank Projections2023-12-11Economic modelsMonetary policyStaff Discussion Paper 2023-29https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/sdp2023-29.pdfMaking It Real: Bringing Research Models into Central Bank ProjectionsMarc-André GosselinSharon KozickiDecember 2023CC3C32C5C51EE3E37E4E47E5E52How Far Do Canadians Need to Travel to Access Cash?
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/11/staff-discussion-paper-2023-28/
This paper develops a travel-based metric to measure Canadians’ access to cash from automated banking machines (ABMs) and financial institution branches. We find that, overall, access to cash remained stable between 2019 and 2022. The total number of ABMs in Canada increased by 3.7% and the total number of branches decreased by 5.2% during that period.2023-11-16T14:45:18+00:00enHow Far Do Canadians Need to Travel to Access Cash?2023-11-16Bank notesFinancial servicesRegional economic developmentsStaff Discussion Paper 2023-28https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/sdp2023-28.pdfHow Far Do Canadians Need to Travel to Access Cash?Heng ChenDaneal O’HabibHongyu XiaoNovember 2023GG2G21JJ1J15RR5R51Digitalization: Prices of Goods and Services
https://www.bankofcanada.ca/2023/10/staff-discussion-paper-2023-27/
This paper outlines and assesses the various channels through which digitalization can affect prices of goods and services.2023-10-31T13:26:19+00:00enDigitalization: Prices of Goods and Services2023-10-31DigitalizationInflation and pricesMarket structure and pricingMonetary policyStaff Discussion Paper 2023-27https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/sdp2023-27.pdfDigitalization: Prices of Goods and ServicesVivian ChuTatjana DahlhausChristopher HajzlerOctober 2023DD2EE3E31E5E52LL1L11